Hair curling device



y 1956 c. M. GARLAND 2,754,832

HAIR CURLING DEVICE Filed April 1, 1953 INVENTOR. C'ZAR/Cf W/ZLS ammw ATTORNEY United States Patent HAIR CURLlNG-DEVIEIE: 6

Clarice Mills Garland, Hudson Heights, Nil-,assignot to Colgate-Palmolive Company, a;corporation of Dela: ware Application April 1, 1953,:SerialNo. 346,070 10 4 Claims. (Cl. 1321-43)" The :present inventio'nzzrelates to ;:a :curling device :upon which a tress of hair may be wound and relates more particularly to thesnovel constnuctionxof-a. haincurling device which is relatively-simple :in :structure; durable; highly efiicient in use, easilyoperated,:and which:maybe: manufactured in; quantity fata -comparatively low cost The hair curlingdevice of;this. inventionctis particularly suitable foruse in the process commonly referred to as cold permanent waving.:. According toonenknown'cold permanent wavingtechnique, the .hair is sectioned otf 'into-= a relatively large 'numberzof individual tresses-whichare saturated thoroughly with a .cold permanent waving solution. The saturated tresses thenvareawound upon sepa-:- ate curling rods andleft undisturbed to rallowsthe waving solution to act for. a predetermined, period=- of time.- Thereafter, a neutnalizingssolution: is applied to each wound tress by meansof a brush, cotton, swab, or the like, to arrest further action of the Waving solution.

Croquignole rods have been usedwidely heretofore in cold permanent Waving processes. In general; such'rods are concave in shape, having 'avprogressively increasing t circularv cross-section: from: .the center toward each (end; Generally such rods also have elastiobands; strings, or the like irremovably: secured thereto. or integral therewith which, are intended to be placed about the wound tresses Y to secure the same to therods: 40

Experience has shown that thereare certaindisadvantages attendant-with the .usetofsuch rods in the-permanent waving of hair; Bothivexperienced 'andinexperienced operators, for example, find itidifiicultto wind a tress of hair on a rodtwhichfhas an elastic-band, string,-orthe like connected thereto. Frequently, forexample-,-the band or string accidentally is'woundjonto the rod with the hair tress.

Another disadvantage inherent with the. use ofsuch rods is that the hair can be Wound thereon satisfactorily only in the form of sausage curls.- When the-wound tresses are removedfrom such =rods upon completion of the waving operation-the sausage curls must be combed out andthen set in pin curls and/or-a wave of the-proper shape and character to impart the desired stylein which" the hair is to be worn. This latter steprequiressetting the tresses in formations different fromtthose'in-which the wave was given.

This invention provides a hair curling ,device which overcomes or substantially minimizesgthe disadvantages. and limitations inherent in such prior known curling rods. Because of its novel constructiomuse ,of the ,h'air curling. device of this invention in cold, permanentwaving opera.- tions resultsin. the formationof helically shapecLcurls, which may be combed .directly into .a vdesired hairtstylet Since the curls are bothtformed andaprocessedland the style is determined in the.wavingstep,use oftthe hair. curling device of this invent-ion.eliminatesthefirst setting, operation ,ordinarily, required. Furthermorevthe novel structure .of .thelhair .curling deviceof thisl inyentiontis Such that there are no elastic!tbands,. .st1:ings,,or thetlike.

attached thereto to hamper theoperator.whenswindingthe 1' tresses of hair.

Broadly, the hair curling device of thisinvention-coma prises a hollowlfrustoconically shapedhair winding mem: bet and a pliable hair clamping member: adapted: for. removable attachment within saidv winding member. More specifically, the winding member comprises a-tubu lar body having a progressively increasing circular crosssection :from one-end to the other uponswhich a-rtress, of, hair is wound. The cla'mpingmemberis: longer thanz. the winding member and is adapted.foru-being insertedn within the winding member after :a tress of hair: hBSrbfiiflJ wound upon the latter. Means, forming part .ofthe, clamping member is provided for removably securing them clamping member within said winding member preferablyv in such manner that the endsof/the,clamping memberx extendv substantial distances beyond the. endswofthe:- winding member such that they may be ,bent. towards. each other so as to overlie the .tress and .seourethe tsameinwound position on the device.

To indicate more fully thenovel features oficonstrucrtion and arrangement of parts of the .hair cnrlingtdevice-t of this invention reference is made to the, following-description taken in conjunction with, the accompanying, drawing. It will be understood thatotherembodiments; of the invention employing the, sametor equivalent. princi.-. ples may be used and that structural changes may be made: as desired without departingfrorn the truescope of-theinvention as defined in theappendedclaims Similar, reference characters are .usedin the. draWing-to/designate, corresponding parts in each of lthesseveraltfig resv In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a perspective vviewvofa hair curling device .constructed in accordancewith this invention;

Figs. 2 and 3 areperspective views ofmodifiedforms of a hair winding member. :in accordancewith this inven-W tion;

Fig. 4 is a viewof a modified 'hair. clampingmemben in accordance with :this invention;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a hair curlingdevicezimaccordance with this invention showing ,a-;tress of hair wound thereon;

Fig. 6 is a perspective veiw of a modified-*form ofrther hair curling device shown in Fig- 5; and

Fig, 7 is a cross-sectional view: greatly enlargedafora clarity of representation, of. the. hair clamping membenshown in Fig. 1 taken. alongline 77-7, looking insthe-s direction of the arrows.

Referring to the drawing, theinvention. as therein-illus-; trated is embodied in a hair. curling device.comprising-a hair winding member referredito generally bytnumeralt 10 and atpliable hair clamping member 12.: Member-10, is of frustoconical shape and comprises a tubular body having a progressively increasingcircular, cross-section from end 14 to end. 16. The tapered structure of ,memtber 10 facilitates easy withdrawalmof the samev fromla, wound tress of hair and permits the formation. of iheli-j cally shaped curls as willbe explained more fully hereinbelow.

Member 10 may be constructed from relatively rigid, semi-rigid, or the like materials which -are-'inert-to the chemicals usedvin the permanentWaving-process; EX- amples of suitable materials includerubber, certain metals,v fiberless organic plastics; and :the. like,-

As indicated in-Fig.2, the exteriorgsurfaceof the .wallr of winding member 101 may be-fiuted, at least -in;part;;by the provision of longitudinally extending,;outwardly-, rojecting ribs 18to provide frictionimeans on the surface-of member 10 to prevent slippageof the hair .tress-andofthe operators fingers during the winding;.operation. If de-. sired, adjacent ribs may be.joined.att theirendssby (trans-.4 verse ribs toform troughs 20, to facilitate,penetrationaof:

the neutralizing solution to the innermost strands of hair in the wound tress during the waving process.

Furthermore, as indicatedin Fig. 3, winding member 10 may be provided with perforations 22 through which solutions applied to the wound tress during the waving operation may drain. Such perforations may be an ranged in any suitable manner in member 10 and they may be varied both in size and in number. Furthermore, the perforations may be round, as illustrated, or in the form of rectangular slits or slots.

As indicated on the drawing, pliable hair clamping member 12 is longer than winding member 10 and is provided intermediate its ends 26 with an enlarged section as at 24, such enlargement being accomplished preferably by deforming member 12 by bending the same, by tieing a knot in the same, or the like. The knot, bend, or the like is of such a size that, when member 12 is inserted in member 10, it will pass freely through the opening in end 16 and snugly engage the tapered inner wall of member 10, preferably near end 14. The knot, bend, or the like preferably is placed in a position along the length of member 12 such that when the knot, bend, or the like is engaged snugly within the tapered end 14 of member 1% the ends 26 of member 12 will extend substantially equal distances beyond the ends 14 and 16 of member 10.

The knot, bend, or the like described above provides means for removably attaching or wedging pliable member 12 within member 10 in such manner that the members are prevented from rotating independently of one another. If such means were not provided and a tress of hair was wound on member 10 and member 12 was bent over the wound tress the desired curl would not be obtained because member 10 would rotate about the central portion 28 of member 12 with the result that the tress would become unwound.

Clamping member 12 may be constructed of any suitable material which is substantially non-resilient but pliable so that it may be bent repeatedly to the clamping position and straightened again without breaking, and which is inert to the action of the chemicals employed in the waving operation. Wire has been found to be a particularly suitable material and it, if desired, may be coated with a suitable protective covering such as rubber, braided wire, or the like. A clamping member which has been found to be particularly suitable has the structure shown in Fig. 7. The member therein illustrated has a core 30 of steel wire surrounded by a covering layer 32 of a fiberless organic plastic. If desired, a fiat narrow tape may be used as illustrated in Fig. 4 instead of the substantially round wire shown in the other figures.

The hair curling device of the present invention may be used in cold permanent waving in the following manner. The hair, after shampooing, is divided into tresses and saturated with any conventional cold waving solution. If desired, an end paper may be placed about the free end of the tress to bind any loose hairs and uneven ends. The free end of the tress is placed on winding member 10 near the small end 14 thereof after which the rod is rolled toward the scalp. The rod is moved axially during winding in such manner that contiguous turns of the helically wound tress overlap one another slightly as illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6.

When the tress has been wound until the rod is within a short distance from the scalp, the pliable hair clamping member 12 is threaded or inserted through member in such manner that the knot or bend 24 in member 12 snugly engages the tapered inner wall of member 16 preferably at end 14. The end portions 26 of member 12, which extend substantial distances beyond the ends 14 and 16 of member 12, then are bent towards each other so as to overlie the tress and retain the same in wound position on the device. Since members It) and 12 are in snug engagement by reason of the force fit of bend or knot 24 with the tapered inner wall of member 10, memher 10 cannot rotate independently of member 12 and the tress cannot become unwound.

To further insure that members 10 and 12 will not rotate independently of one another the ends 14 and 16 of member 10 may be provided with notches 34 as shown in Fig. 6. In such a modification the ends 26 of member 12 are bent so as to overlie the wound tress and fit in the notches as illustrated on the drawing.

After all of the tresses have been wound the same are treated with a neutralizing solution to arrest the action of the waving solution. When removing the curled tresses from the curling device, ends 26 of pliable clamping member '12 are bent outwardly and the winding member and clamping member are slipped out from within the curl. The taper of winding member 10 facilitates the removal of the same from the curl and the structure of this member permits the formation of helically shaped curls which may be combed directly into a desired hair style.

After the winding member 10 and the clamping member 12 have been removed from the wound tress the two may be separated from one another simply by pulling on the end 26 of the clamping member which is adjacent to the large end 16 of the winding member. Such action will break the snug engagement between the bend or knot 24 and the tapered inner wall of member 10 resulting in the separation of member 12 from member 10.

While there has been shown and described what is at present considered to be the preferred embodiment of the invention, it will be understood, of course, that many modifications and changes and substitutions may be made therein without departing from the true scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is:

1. A hair curling device comprising in combination a tubular hair winding member tapered in length and adapted for having a tress of hair wound thereon and a pliable hair holding member adapted for axial insertion through the tubular winding member said holding member being longer than the tubular winding member, and means forming a part of said holding member adapted to engage in wedging contact with the tapered inner wall of the tubular winding member intermediate the ends thereof and so removably to wedge the holding member therein, thereby rendering the holding member non-rotatable with respect to the tubular winding member.

2. A hair curling device comprising in combination a tubular hair winding member tapered in length and adapted for having a tress of hair wound thereon and a pliable hair holding member adapted for axial insertion through the tubular winding member, said holding member being longer than the tubular winding member, and having a portion of enlarged section intermediate the ends thereof adapted to engage in wedging contact with the tapered inner wall of the tubular winding member intermediate the ends thereof and so removably to wedge the holding member therein, thereby rendering the holding member non-rotatable with respect to the tubular winding member.

3. A hair curling device comprising in combination a tubular hair winding member which is tapered in length and which is adapted to have a tress of hair wound thereon and a pliable hair holding member adapted for axial insertion through the winding member, the holding member being longer than the winding member and having opposed ends capable of being bent back over hair wound on the winding member and thereby holding the hair to said winding member, and having a portion of enlarged section intermediate the ends of the hair holding member and adapted removably to engage the tapered inner wall of the winding member at a point intermediate the ends thereof in wedging contact, thereby positioning the ends of the holding member with respect to the winding member and rendering the holding member non-rotatable with respect to the winding member.

4. A hair curling device comprising in combination a hollow frustoconically shaped hair winding member having an axially tapered inner Wall and a pliable Wire hair holding member adapted for axial insertion through the winding member and extending a substantial distance beyond the ends thereof, and having opposed ends capable of being bent back over hair Wound on the Winding member and thereby holding the hair to said winding member, and having a portion of enlarged section intermediate the ends of the hair holding member adapted removably to engage the tapered inner wall of the winding member at a point intermediate the ends thereof in wedging contact, thereby positioning the ends of the holding member with References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS D. 160,373 Davis et a1 Oct. 10, 1950 1,461,533 McClintock July 10, 1923 2,140,583 Jacobs Dec. 20, 1938 2,140,858 Smith Dec. 20, 1938 2,154,179 Murdock Apr. 11, 1939 2,625,941 Harrington Jan. 20, 1953 

